謙苦(qiān kŭ; )(QYS. khiem khuo:) “hard, difficult; severe” (an alliterative compound [雙聲]?) Cf. 勤苦(qín kŭ)(2);
not found at HD. 11.388.; ZJHY 1(2000): 255(道行般若經), Hu 2002 : 208, 261(do.); cf. HD. 7.682a.慊苦(樂府詩集. Examples in a different meaning), WNCL 249. 慊苦 (“single-mindedly, intently”); ;
Lk. 428b18. 設菩薩無所出生者，菩薩如(v.l. -)用何等故謙(v.l. 慊)苦行菩薩道？(p)
AS. 14.10 = R. 28.4 = AAA. 116.4. .duṣkara-cārikāñ (carati) (“[practises] a course of difficult tasks”); ps-ZQ. 481b26. (行)艱難行; Zfn. 511b2.勤苦(行)菩薩之道; Kj. 539c2.(有)難行; Xz(I). 768a27.(修多百千)難行、苦行; Xz(II). 869b20 = Xz(I) ; Sh. 591b10.(有)難行行; Tib.Pk. 17a2 = D. 16a7. .dka’ ba sbyad pa (spyod pa);
Lk. 428b19. 設用十方天下人故，何能忍是謙(v.l. 慊)苦？(p)
AS. 14.11 = R. 28.4 = AAA. 116.5. .duḥkha~ (“sufferings” [AsP.tr.II 93 = AsP.tr. 11]); ps-ZQ. 481b26. 苦; Zfn. 511b3.勤苦; Kj. 539c3.苦惱; Xz(I). 768a28.大苦; Xz(II). 869b20. .生死大苦; Sh. 591b10.難行想(?); Tib.Pk. 17a2 = D. 16a7. .sdug bsngal;
Lk. 428b20. 須菩提語舍利弗：“我亦不使菩薩忍是謙(v.l. 慊)苦也。……” (p)
AS. 14.12 = R. 28.7 = AAA. 116.12. .duṣkara-(cārikā~) (“[course of] difficult tasks”); ps-ZQ. 481b27. 艱難(行); Zfn. 511b4.勤苦(行); Kj. 539c4.難(行); Xz(I). 768b2.難忍大苦; Xz(II). 869b23.生死大苦; Sh. 591b12.難行(行); Tib.Pk. 17a3 = D. 16b1. .dka’ ba (spyad pa);
Lk. 428b21. 須菩提語舍利弗：“我亦不使菩薩忍是謙(v.l. 慊)苦也。行菩薩之道者，菩薩自念：‘我不録是謙(v.l. 慊)苦行’ ……” (p)
AS. 14.13 = R. 28.8 = AAA. 116.13. .duṣkara- (“difficult tasks”); ps-ZQ. 481b28. 艱難; Zfn. 511b5.勤苦行; not found at Kj. 539c4.; Xz(I). 768b3.苦行; Xz(II). 869b24.苦行; Sh. 591b12.難行; Tib.Pk. 17a3 = D. 16b1. .dka’ ba;
Lk. 428b22. 菩薩心不當作是念言：“我忍謙(v.l. 慊)苦。” 心未曾有念是。不當作是念。(p)
AS. 14.14 = R. 28.9 = AAA. 116.20. .duṣkara-(saṃjñā~) (“[a perception of] difficulties” [AsP.tr.II 93 = AsP.tr. 11]); ps-ZQ. 481b28. 行艱難苦(想); Zfn. 511b5.勤苦行; Kj. 539c4.難行(想)、苦行(想); Xz(I). 768b4.苦行(想); Xz(II). 869b24 = Xz(I) ; Sh. 591b12.難行(想); Tib.Pk. 17a4 = D. 16b2. .dka’ ba’i (’du shes);
Lk. 428b27. 菩薩當作是持心。一切菩薩不見，亦不知處如是内法、外法。當作是念，當作是行。菩薩作是行，不爲忍謙(v.l. 慊)苦。(p)
AS. 14.27 = R. 29.4 = AAA. 118.24. .duṣkara-(saṃjñin~); ps-ZQ. 481c8. 苦(想); Zfn. 511b10.忍勤苦行; Kj. 539c9.難行; Xz(I). 768b21.難行、苦行; Xz(II). 869c2 = Xz(I) ; Sh. 591b26.難行; Tib.Pk. 17b4f. = D. 17a2. .dka’ ba(’i ’du shes can);
Lk. 443a19. 菩薩、摩訶薩甚謙苦行般若波羅蜜。(p)
AS. 97.30 = R. 196.12 = AAA. 428.9. .duṣkara-kāraka~ (“A doer of what is hard is [the Bodhisattva who, while he courses in perfect wisdom, does not lose heart nor get elated …]” [AsP.tr.II 146 = AsP.tr. 67]); ZQ. 488c26.謙(v.l. 慊)苦; Zfn. 524c7.甚慊苦行; Kj. 552b18.所爲甚難; Xz(I). 803b23.甚爲難事; Xz(II). 886b7 = Xz(I) ; Sh. 617c24.所行甚難; Tib.Pk. 118b4 = D. 110b2. .dka’ pa bgyid pa;
Lk. 452b12. 菩薩謙(v.l. 慊)苦欲得阿耨多羅三耶三菩。(p)
AS. 146.21 = R. 293.9 = AAA. 595.9. .duṣkara-(kāraka~) (“[doers of] what is hard” [AsP.tr.II 188 = AsP.tr. 108]); ZQ. 493b4.謙(v.l. 慊)苦; not found at Zfn. ; Kj. 561a-8.(所爲)甚難; Xz(I). 821a1.(爲)難(事); Xz(II). 897b22.甚(爲)難(事); Sh. 635c13 = Kj ; Tib.Pk. 175b7 = D. 162b7. .dka’ ba (bgyid pa);
Lk. 452b13. 菩薩謙(v.l. 慊)苦安隱於世間護，爲世間自歸，爲世間舍，爲世間度，爲世間臺，爲世間導。(p)
AS. 146.26 = R. 293.16 = AAA. 595.18. .duṣkara-(kāraka~) (“[doers of] what is hard” [AsP.tr.II 188 = AsP.tr. 108]); ZQ. 493b5.謙(v.l. 慊)苦; not found at Zfn. ; Kj. 561a-6.(所爲)甚難; Xz(I). 821a6.(爲)難(事); Xz(II). 897b23.(所作)甚難; Sh. 635c18 = Kj ; Tib.Pk. 176a2 = D. 163a3. .dka’ ba (byed pa);
Lk. 452b25. 無所著菩薩爲謙苦：念法不懈，得阿耨多羅三耶三菩阿惟三佛，因説經。(p)
AS. 147.28 = R. 295.19 = AAA. 599.10. .paramaduṣkara~ (“most hard” [AsP.tr.II 189 = AsP.tr. 109]); ZQ. 493b15 = Lk ; not found at Zfn. ; not found at Kj. 561b21.; Xz(I). 821b17.甚爲難事; Xz(II). 897c25 = Xz(I) ; Sh. 636b3.最上甚深微妙難入; Tib.Pk. 177a8 = D. 164b1. .mchog tu dka’ ba byed pa yin;
Lk. 452c17. 菩薩爲謙(v.l. 慊)苦。(p)
AS. 149.28 = R. 300.6 = AAA. 607.4. .duṣkara-kāraka~ (“A doer of what is hard” [AsP.tr.II 190 = AsP.tr. 110]); not found at ZQ. 493b28.; not found at Zfn. ; Kj. 561c27.所爲甚難; Xz(I). 822a27.能爲難事; Xz(II). 898a29 = Xz(I) ; Sh. 637a.-3 = Kj ; Tib.Pk. 180a1 = D. 167a2. .dka’ ba bgyid pa lags so;
Lk. 458c23. 須菩提白佛言：“菩薩謙(v.l. 慊)苦。作是學，不中道取證。” (p)
AS. 185.16 = R. 375.5 = AAA. 756.6. .do.; ZQ. 497c15.謙(v.l. 慊)苦; Zfn. 531c19.慊苦; Kj. 569a23.所爲甚難; Xz(I). 835a16.能爲難事; Xz(II). 907c3 = Xz(I) ; Sh. 649c20 = Kj ; Tib.Pk. 220b1 = D. 205a2. .do.;